===== DOCCD instruments, techniques and cells ===== === Spectroscopic instruments and techniques === * Bruker 113v FTIR spectrometer, wavelength range 1 micron to 1 mm * Perkin Elmer Lambda 19 grating spectrometer, wavelength range 190 nm to 3200 nm === Systems and cells === * Specular-reflection and transmission sample holders for near-normal incidence * Liquid-helium cooled contact-gas cryostat CryoVac KONTI Spectro B * High-temperature high-pressure cell SPECAC P/N 585 0 * Polarizers for UV to FIR wavelengths === Calculation procedures === * Kramers-Kronig analysis to derive n and k from R (reflectance) * Lorentzian-oscillator fitting of R and T (thin films, Abelès formalism) * Reflection-corrected Beer-Lambert law in ranges of weak absorption